An Economic Study of the Production and Consumption of Vegetable Oils in Egypt

The plant oils are one of the most important consumer goods. The vegetable oils are produced, in Egypt, from multiple sources. the most important of them are the seeds of cotton, soybeans, oily rotary sun flower. Egypt is suffering, for a long time, that there is a chronic and growing shortfall in domestic production of vegetable oils on the consumer's ability to fulfill the requirements of this item which has led to low self-sufficiency in vegetable oils ratio of up to 14.4% in 2015. Of course, this situation may be due to a decrease in the planted area year after year, in addition to the increase in consumption resulting from the increase in population, changing consumption patterns, and increasing health and nutritional awareness. The research problem represented in this gap exacerbated year after year, which led to the adoption of the state to import from abroad to fill that gap. The targeted of the research is mainly to study the production and consumption of vegetable oils in Egypt during the period )2000-2015. The research has adopted on the analytical and descriptive approach, and the methods of statistical analysis, relying on the published and unpublished data from Official agencies and international information network during the period )2000-2015(. The research found the following results:The results of the study of productivity indicators for the most important oilseed crop in Egypt pointed to the fluctuation in both the planted area, the productivity per acre and the total production of all crops: cottonseed, sunflower seeds, and soya seed oil, which reflected the general trend of decreasing for each crop, certainly morally or upwardly. The results of the study of the relative impact variables on the planted area and the productivity per acre on the total production pointed to outweigh the horizontal expansion option in the three crop production than the vertical expansion option of choice. According to a study of economic factors affecting the production of vegetable oil in Egypt: the outweigh  of the profitability pound spent on summer crops competing oil crops which indicates the reasons for the reluctance of farmers for the cultivation of oil crops and thus lower the total planted area and production of seed and oil. The results of the study of economic indicators for the production and consumption of vegetable oils in Egypt noted: that self-sufficiency in vegetable oils is decreasing annually by 1.07% represents about 4.4% of the annual average for the period of research, which is equal to a 24.1% rate. While for factors affecting the consumption per capita of vegetable oils in Egypt, it has been demonstrated that the average annual pound income per capita and the quantity of imports of vegetable oils during the search  period by  thousands of tons are the most important factors affecting the average annual consumption per capita of vegetable oils.