EVALUATION OF PEACH HYBRIDS USING SOME POMOLOGICAL CHARACTERS AND RAPD MARKERS

This research was carried out in 2014 and 2015 seasons, to evaluate the pomological characters such as bud burst, full bloom, fruit set, ripening date and fruit quality of ten peach hybrids grown under Egyptian conditions. In addition, the random amplified polymorphic of DNA (RAPD) to produce a dendrogram of genetic relationships among peach hybrids. The results indicated that hybrids, 5 and 6 had the earliest bud burst and full bloom than all tested hybrids, on the other hand, hybrid 1 and 8 had the latest one in two successive seasons. Hybrid 4 in the first season and both of hybrids 5 and 6 in the second season had the ripening date early than all tested hybrids, while, hybrid 10 and 1 in both seasons had the latest ripening date. Hybrids 9 and 10 fruits had the highest fruit firmness than the other hybrids. While, fruit size was 63.53 cm3 and 82.86 cm3 for hybrids 7 and 10, successively.Hybrids 9 and 10 had heavier fruit, stone and flesh weight than all tested hybrids, whereas, hybrid 7 the lowest one and the situation is reflected in flesh/stone ratio. In both seasons, hybrid 3 had the highest SSC as compared with all tested hybrids, while hybrids 1 and 6 had the lowest ones. Hybrid 1 had the highest acidity as compared with all tested hybrids, while hybrid 3
had the lowest percent. On the contrary, hybrid 3 had higher SSC/ratio, while hybrid 1 had the lowest ones. In addition to, hybrid 7 had the highest ascorbic acid with the other hybrids, hybrid 3 had the lowest ones. The dendrogram
indicated that the ten tested hybrids were classified into two main clusters. Cluster I included hybrids 9 and 10. The cluster II was divided in to two subclusters, sub-cluster I contained hybrids 1 and 3 and sub-cluster II divided into two groups, group II included hybrids 6 and 8 and group I divided into two
sub-groups, sub-group I divided in to two sub sub groups, sub sub group I included hybrids 2 and 5 and sub sub group II included hybrid 4 and subgroup II included hybrid 7.