@article { author = {}, title = {EFFECT OF SOME PESTICIDES ON LATERAL GENETRANSFER IN BACTERIAL AND SOME BACTERIALFEATURES}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {1-15}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2930}, abstract = {Herbicides and insecticides have been widely and intensively used inagriculture areas worldwide to enhance crop yield. However many pesticidescause serious environmental problems. In addition to the pesticides may alsohave some effects on the treated agricultural crops and soil cultivate withplants. The present study aimed to determine the effects of two pesticidesbelonging to different groups of chemicals, namely Gesparim as (herbicide)and Lambda-cyhalothrin as (insecticide) at recommended rates, on twospecies of bacteria. The effects of pesticides on total viable bacteria, mutagenicity and gene transfer between bacteria were investigated inlaboratory experiments.The results showed that, total survival percentage (S%) bacterianumber was decreased and inhibited as compared with control when treated by herbicide Gesaprim. At concentrate 3000μg/ml S% was greatly affectivereached 81 – 89 %. The corresponding picture was different in the case of theinsecticide Lambda-cyhalothrin where, total survival bacteria number was normal as compared with control during incubation. At concentrate of 3000μg/mlLambda - cyhalothrin it gave low effect on S% which reached 91 – 97%. This means that the effect of all rates of the pesticides is suitable for the growth of bacteria to some extent. Prophage F116 induction from differentP.aureginosaat concentration 500 – 3000 μg/ml explained that the Gesaprimhave a mutagenic activity this is higher as compared with Lambda-cyhalothrin at concentration of 1500 – 3000μg/ml. Moreover, protein SDS-PAGEanalysis of P. aeruginosia strain PAo1 after treatment with the highest threeconcentrations of each pesticide 2000, 2500 and 3000 μg/ml as compared with the control revealed the differences in their banding pattern which wasthe highest with Gesaprim. As well as possible genes can be transferred byconjugation. Conjugation frequencies ranged from 1.16 x10-3 to 9.4 x 10-4 and1.04 x10-3 to 9.0 x10-4 for each of Lambda - cyhalothrin and Gesaprimrespectively.}, keywords = {Pesticides,Lateral Gene Transfer,SDS-PAGE}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2930.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2930_df723e084039ae379b69ba47089d3f5c.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY FOR SOME TRAITS OF INTRASPECIFIC AND INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION BETWEEN SOLANUM MELONGENA AND SOLANUM MACROCARPON}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {34-45}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2931}, abstract = {Four parents and their 12 F1 diallel crosses, involving three parentsbelonging to the speciesSolanum melongena L. and one parent belonging tospeciesSolanum macrocarpon L. were used. For heterotic effect, heterosis over mid-parents and better parent were detected in many traits, viz.; plantheight(kg), number of branches per plant, and total chlorophyll. Also,heterosis over mid-parents and better parent were detected in early fruit yieldper plot(kg), early fruit number per plot and total fruit yield ton/fed. Forchemical traits heterosis over mid-parents and better parent were detected intotal carotene, anthocyanin content, total nitrogen content, total phosphorus,potassium content and total iron traits. The magnitude of GCA variance wasgreater than SCA variance suggesting the predominance of additive gene action for most studied traits. Among the varieties, the good general combinerwas Balady Dark Long (P3) for plantheight, number of branches per plant,early fruit number per plot, total fruit yield ton/fed and total phosphorus, Balady white Long (P2) for total chlorophyll, total nitrogen content, potassiumcontent and total iron. Among the varieties, Balady Dark Round (P1) was thebest for early fruit yield per plot and anthocyanin content, In the case of total carotene Gboma (P4) was the best general combiner. The estimates ofspecific combining ability effects (SCA) showed superior specificcombinations, (P2xP3) for plant height, total fruit yield ton/fed and totalphosphorus and (P1xP2) for number of branches per plant, early fruit yield perplot, early fruit number per plot and total iron.While, (P1xP4) was the best fortotal chlorophyll, total carotene and total nitrogen content, (P2xP4) forpotassium content. Regarding, reciprocal effect (rij) the results revealed that highest values recorded for (P4 x P1) in the case of plant height(cm), totalchlorophyll, total carotene and total iron. While, the hybrid (P3 x P1) was thebest for number of branches, early fruit yield per plot(kg), early fruit number per plot and anthocyanin content and the hybrid (P4 x P2) for total fruityield(ton/fed) and total phosphorus , the hybrid (P4 x P3) for total nitrogencontent and the hybrid (P3 x P2) was the best for potassium content.Therefore, from general and specific combining ability and some geneticparameters suggested the importance of heterosis breeding for effectiveutilization of additive genetic variances which had the main role for theimprovement of the studied traits in eggplant crop.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2931.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2931_79543e0ec4e5ae37964e3be204b4f1e7.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC PARAMETERS VIA REMLAND ML METHODS FOR SOME MILK TRAITS IN ZARIBIGOATS}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {70-80}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2932}, abstract = {The aim of the present study is to investigate some factors affectingmilk traits in Zaribi goat and estimate its genetic parameters. The data setcomprised from 786 lactation records of 328 does, progeny of 56 sires and232 dams for total milk yield at 90 day (90 DMY), total milk yield (TMY)), dailymilk yield (DMY) and lactation period (LP) were collected from a herd of Zaribigoat raised in El-Serw Experimental Station, located in the North Eastern partof the Nile Delta, Egypt, which belongs to Animal Production ResearchInstitute (APRI), Ministry of Agriculture through 10 years from 2003 to 2012. Fixed and random factors affecting the traits were investigated according toGLM procedure of Statistical Package Program (SAS, 2004). Also, twomethods (REML * ML) were used to obtain the variance components. Overallmeans along with their standard deviation for TMY, 90DMY, DMY and LPwere 245.21 ± 70.33(Kg), 88.53 ±24.43 (Kg), 0.997 ±0.266 (Kg) and 47.06±40.66 (day), respectively. Least squares analysis of variance revealed thatbuck, parity, birth type, kidding season and kidding year were highlysignificant (P<0.001) sources of variation for all milk traits under study exceptthe effect of kidding season was not significant. Heritability estimates viaREML were 0.27, 0.20, 0.06 and 0.16 while those estimated by ML were0.25.0.19, 0.04 and 0.14 for TMY, 90DMY, LP and DMY, respectively.Genetic, phenotypic and environmental correlations were positive showing noantagonism except that between lactation period and daily milk yield wasnegative in sign.It is concluded that the two methods for variance componentestimation gave relatively similar findings. In addition, the influence of nongeneticfactors should be considered in selection program and an adjustmentfor the significant environmental factors should be made.}, keywords = {buck,variance components,heritability,Milk Traits,Zaribi goats}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2932.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2932_0e549c64721efee6c744d4cb7b915ac3.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {CORRELATION BETWEEN FERTILITY AND LEVELS OFPROTEIN IN SEMINAL PLASMA OF EGYPTIANBUFFALO BULLS}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {82-89}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2933}, abstract = {The Objective of this study was to measure the protein profiles of seminalplasma in Egyptian buffalo bulls semen and to examine their correlation withsemen characteristics of buffalo bulls in Mehalet Mousa . Semen of 20 buffalobulls ( dividedinto high and low fertile bull, 10 for each group,according to records of insemination) were collected twice weekly for 12weeks by artificial vagina . Semen characteristics (ejaculate volume, motility ,abnormalities, viability and sperm cell concentration were recorded . Seminalplasma was seperated by centrifugation , treated with cold ethanol and then underwent SDS-polyacrylamide gel electro phoresis ( PAGE) . Fourteenprotein bands were Identified on the gel of these protein band . 25 KDa wassignificantly correlated with all semen parameters studied in high fertile group, while 63 KDa was significantly correlated with sperm motility and spermabnormalities in low fertile Group   .}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2933.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2933_98928de9815bf20cfcecea6d3aabc8f9.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LACTOFERRINCONCENTRATION, MILK PRODUCTION, MASTITIS,SCC ANDCONTAGIOUS BACTERIAL PATHOGENS}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {90-104}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2935}, abstract = {During the period from 2012 to 2014, total of 794 normal lactationrecords of Friesian cows were raised on El-Karada Animal ProductionResearch Station, Animal Production Research Institute (APRI), Ministry ofAgriculture situated at Kafrelsheikh Governorate, Egypt. The initial numbers ofnormal lactation records included were 49 Friesian cows to estimate effect ofsomatic cell counts (SCC) and lactoferrin concentration (LFC) levels on traitsstudied, total milk yield (TMY), mastitis (MAST) and bacterial counts ofStaphylococcus sp (Staph) ,Streptococcus sp (Strep), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Bacillus sp (Baci), effect of mastitic and nonmastitic cases on sametraits, determine the effect of using Lf and EEP (Ethanol extract of propolis) asa natural antibiotic either alone or mixing with certain industrial antibiotics on udder health and bacterial counts. Data were analyzed using SAS, (2004).Unadjusted means of TMY, SCC, and LFC were 3557.5Kg, 463.4x103cells/mland 308.6μg/ml and bacterial count of Staph, Strep, E.coli and Baci were512.2, 529.1, 250.6 and 254.3x103cell/ml, respectively. SCC levels did nothave any effect on TMY till 200 x103 cell/ml of milk, then milk yield beginningslightly decrease till 1000 x103 cell/ml of milk ratio of incidence clinicalmastitis, LFC, Staph, Strep, E. coli and Baci, the same trend with SCC whichdecrease with the lower levels of SCC and increase with higher levels of SCC,thus, an increase in the SCC in milk is an indicator of inflammation in the udder.With decreasing milk yield,ratio of incidence clinical mastitis, SCC,Staph, Strep, E. coli, Baci andLFC in milk increases, estimates decreasedSCC, different bacterial counts investigation (Staph, Strep, E.coli and Baci)and MAST in all groups treatments comparison control group, and decreasingin average of SCC, Staph, Strep, E.coli and Baci were clear approximately, the highest decline rate between zero time and after 8h in all groups, thehighest drop in SCC, four type bacteria (Staph, Strep, E.coli and Baci) atdifferent time and MAST in (T6) compare with all other treatments. Correlationbetween TMY and udder health traits (SCC, MAST, LFC, Staph, Strep, E.coliand Baci) were low and negative ranged from (-0.23 to -0.07). While theorrelation among udder health traits had positive ranged from (0.27 to 0.88),the estimate of correlation among LFC, SCC and MAST had strong rangedfrom (0.79 to 0.88) and the correlation among Staph, Strep, E.coli and Baci were positive ranged from (0.27 to 0.55). Lf could be used as a complementarytest to SCC and possibly a diagnostic test of subclinical mastitis in dairy cattleand used Lf combination with gentamicin to treat mastitis more efficiently fromused alone.}, keywords = {Lactoferrin,mastitis,Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcusuberis}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2935.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2935_f325be94cec1628ade54dfe8585b696c.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {A POTENTIAL EFFECT OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES(Ag-NPs) ON SOME LACTIC ACID BACTERIA GROWTH}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {121-130}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2938}, abstract = {This study aimed to essay what could happen if lactic acid bacteria,especially some antifungal lactobacilli strains, mesophilic and thermophilicstarter cultures (G+ve model), were treated with Ag-NPs using standard platecount agar assay. As well,E coli (G-ve model) was treated with Ag-NPs in abroth medium. The turbidity was measured for zero, three, six, nine hours andcompared to control. The results approved that Ag-NPs had a negligible effectthe G+ve strains. On the other hand, Ag-NPs had an aggressive activityagainst the gram-negative one.}, keywords = {antifungal Lactobacilli- Ag-NPs,mesophilic and thermophilic starter cultures- Gram positive and negative strains}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2938.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2938_4290ff40e382f4291828abb7018efc59.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {IDENTIFY LOCAL LEADERS oF BREEDING AND CARING OFBUFFALOES AND COWS IN EL-HELMIA VILLAGE EL -HAMOULlDISTRICT - KAFR El-SHEIKH GOVERNORATE}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {132-149}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2939}, abstract = {The research is mainly to identify local leaders in the field ofbreeding and caring of buffaloes and cows in EL-HELMIA village-EL-Hamouldistrict- Kafr El-Sheikh governorate Comprehensive research has involved alladult males from the age 18 years old and residents of the village and theyare 300 respondents beside16 members of the informants in the field of breeding and caring of buffaloes and cows, the data for this research hasbeen collcted by questionnaire and personal interview with all respondents,Different statical methods were used for the data analysis represented in: tabular presentation Recurring, and percentages, also the seciomtric matrixwas used in the seciometric class account (standard) class and Alsseogramdrawing (map social relationships) The founding as follows: - The Seciometric method revealed that there are thirty-one local leaders inthe field of breeding and caring of buffaloes, and thirty local leaders in the fieldof breeding and caring of cows.- The Informants method showed that there are eleven local leader in the fieldof breeding and caring of the buffalo, and eleven local leader in the field of breeding and caring of cows.- Research results showed that are there ten leaders agreed on them theinformants method and the seciometric method in the field of breeding andcaring for the buffaloes, and ten leaders agreed informants method and theseciometric method in the field of breeding and caring of cows.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2939.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2939_4101e5b37803a0be753141a70a658855.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {BUILD AN EXTENSION PROGRAM FORDEVELOPMENT OF THE FOOD BEHAVIOR TO RURALWOMEN AT KAFR-MAGAR VILLAGE, DESOUKDISTRICT IN KAFR EL-SHEIKH GOVERNORATE}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {151-172}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2941}, abstract = {This Paper aimed mainly to build an extension program for the developingthe food behavior of the rural village of kafr magar-desouk district inkafrelsheikh governorate.The paper focused on several axes, namely: axis of the feeding pregnancy stage, axis of the feeding to breast feeding stage, axisof the feeding to childhood stage, axis of the feeding to puberty and youngpeople stage, and axis of the feeding to aging stage.The paper based on personal interviewing questionnaire to collect of theresearch data. Then, it was selected the village of Kafr Magar as an area for the research, it was selectsd a systematic random sample represented to10% of the total population of the rural women, it has used some statisticalmethods as percentage, frequencies, arithmetic mean, and standard deviation to analysis of the data.The main findings were as follows.The results showed that about 93% of total respondents were found in thecategories of low and medium level of knewlodge in the field of healthnutrition. Approximatly 66% of them were found in the categories of low andmedium-level of knewlodge in the axis of feeding of pregnancy stage, 80%were low and medium level of knowledge in nutrition axis of breast feeding stage, 76% were low and medium level of knowledge in axis of nutritionchildhood stage, the results revealed that 86% of them were low and mediumlevel of knowledge in the axis of nutrition of puberty and young people stage,and 88% of the respondents were low and medium level of knowledge theaxis of nutrition of aging stage. The paper presented a extension program to supervisions on theextension work in kafr El-Sheikh governorate to implementation it in theresearch erea.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2941.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2941_1a61bbc85e7e74e8d4e6d53077ec8f48.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {FARMERS' MOTIVATIONS TO PARTICIPATE INAGRICULTURAL EXTENSION ACTIVITIES IN SOMEVILLAGES OF ALEXADNDRIA AND EL. BEHEIRAGOVERNORATES}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {174-186}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2943}, abstract = {The present study aimed primarily at identifying farmers' motivations toparticipate in agricultural extension activities in selected villages at Alexandria andEl- Beheira governorates. The study aimed specifically at examining therelationships between some demographic variables of participants and theirmotivational orientations. The selected villages were El- Namozageia village(Alexandria Governorate), Berket - Khattas, and Monshaat - Amer (El BeheiraGovernorate). The main criteria for selecting the studied villages included theavailability of agricultural extension activities throughout three consecutive yearsprior to the data collection process. Sources of information included: 1- a total of 15key informants, representing agriculture administrators, senior extension agentsand agricultural engineers in the study area, and 2- a total of 60 farmers(Alexandria Governorate) and 100 farmers (El Beheira - Governorate ). Theselected farmers were viewed by at least 50% of the key informants as activeparticipants in the agricultural extension activities in their respective villages. Datawere collected through personal interviews, using a questionnaire form that wasdeveloped for seeking information related to the study objectives. Qualitativeanalysis, percentage distributions and Chi-square test were used for data analysis.The major findings of the study could be summarized as follows: 1- Content analysis of data, elicited in response to an open- ended question, hadyielded distinct clusters of reasons which motivate farmers to participate inextension educational activities. Such reasons were summarized under three major categories of motivational orientation: learning/ economic, socialrelations, and openness to new experiences. The highest percentage ofrespondents (73% to 86%) were found in the category "Learning / economic".They indicated that they participated in the extension educational activities, inorder to gain knowledge and skills that would help them solve their agriculturalproduction and marketing problems, and increase their incomes. They alsoviewed such benefits as highly important. 2- Pattern of associations between motivational orientation and selectedpersonal characteristics indicated the following: a- farmers in the age group (55- 64) and those with higher educational levelshad multidimensional motivational orientation, as compared to theyounger age groups of farmers, and those with lower educational levels. b- No significant relationships were revealed between the central variable ofthe study "motivational orientation" and the independent variables:"sources of information" and "organizational membership".Implications of the study results referred to the need of theextension educational process to create learning opportunities andenvironment congruent with the social and economic status of potentialparticipants. This included designing learning experiences for technology transfer, and also in the area of self - actualization, as an inherent humanright.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2943.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2943_9d2ba3fe3c9e2c020394631c4589c6a3.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {FARMERS KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE TECHNICALRECOMMENDATIONS Of THE CHEMICAL CONTROLOf EPIDEMICS To TOMATO CROP IN SOMEVILLAGES IN KAFRELSHEIKH GOVERNORATE}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {187-206}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2945}, abstract = {This research aims mainly to determine the degree of knowledge ofthe respondents' farmers with the technical recommendations to thechemical control to pest of tomato crop in some villages in Kafrelsheikhgovernorate it has been selected Kafrelsheikh governorate as a region toconduct this research; it has been selected Baltim district randomly from between the ten in the administrative districts in Kafrelsheikh governorate.From Baltim district, it was selected three villages randomly, they were:Alshehabiah, Alrobaa, and Abo shaalan, the total number of farmers inthese three villages amounted to 1121 a farmer, from these villages itwas selected systematic random sample amounted to 112 respondents represented 10% of the total numbers of them. Data were collected fromthe respondents by using personnel interviewing questionnaire duringmonths of March and April 2016, frequencies, percentages, arithmeticmean, standard deviation, coefficient of simple correlation, coefficient ofmultiple correlation, coefficient of partial regression, analysis of multiple regression-out, and tabular view were used as a statistical methods toanalyze the data of this research.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2945.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2945_0e362e6018c8a8dfc06fc127ed500c54.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {THE DIMENSIONS OF SERVICE QUALITY CULTURE INRURAL HEALTH UNITS IN QOTOR DISTRICT, AL GHARBIA GOVERNORATE: A FIELD STUDY}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {207-229}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2946}, abstract = {This study aims to investigate the dimensions of service qualityculture in rural health units in Qotor district, Al Gharbia Governorate, thedegree of availability of service quality culture, and to identify the mostprominent practices of the culture of quality service in these units, as well asdetermine the effect of each of the gender, age, job title, and years of career experience variables on workers’ perceptions. Survey research method wasemployed in this study, and data was collected using a questionnaire. Basedon random sampling, 108 workers were chosen from 17 rural health unitslocated in Qotor district. To analyze the data descriptive statistics, one sampleT-test, and ANOVA were also conducted.The results show the culture ofquality service is the concept of multi-dimensional consists of eightdimensions. The results showed that the degree of availability of qualityservice culture in the rural health units were intermediate level. It also showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the degree ofavailability of service quality culture among workers at significantly lower levelof (0.05) depending on the variables gender, age, job title, and years of careerexperience. Based on these results, several recommendations could besuggested.}, keywords = {Servce quality,service quality culture,Health Services,Quality of health services,Rural Health Units}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2946.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2946_50ad33f30fddd6f9b03b7612b5562db7.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Determinants of Egypt’s Potatoes Exports in the World Markets}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {230-244}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2947}, abstract = {Occupies potatoes special significance among the crops of vegetablesexport Egyptian, as it represents as much as sizeable enough of itsattainment of commodity exports of agricultural g with an average value ofexports of which about 64.65 million pounds on average for the period ( 1995-2011 ) , representing approximately 5.46 % of the average annual value ofexports and agricultural commodities during the same period of about 1.18406billion pounds . The markets are Germany , Greece , Italy , Lebanon , the United Kingdommajor markets for potato exports averaged quantities exported each fromEgypt , about 51.17 , 48.29 , 45.34 , 32.28 , 32.28 and32.18 million tons Respectively represent approximately 18.39 % , 17.36 % ,16.30 % , 12.38 % , 11.60% of the annual average of Egyptian potato exportsduring the period ( 1995-2011 ) This research was aimed mainly stand on the most important determinantsof potato exports to markets in all of Germany, Greece, as the most importantimporter of Egyptian potatoes occupied the place where the first and second,respectively, among the countries importing Egyptian potatoes}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2947.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2947_686a07562b35ed38c46687a6219603ed.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF THE FOOD SYSTEMSUPPORT IN ALEXANDRIA}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {246-262}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2948}, abstract = {Despite the fulfillment of the State much of the needs of citizens,especially of food commodities after the application of the system in July 2014which amounted to support of food commodities in 2014/2015, about 31.56 billionpounds, representing approximately 13.49% of the total government support, butit is still there some shortcomings in the distribution of support allowances to lowincomepeople, so necessitated it study the economic effects of the application of nutritional support sample study in Alexandria system through the identification ofeach of the current status of the system of food subsidies in Egypt, and theprovince of Alexandria, and the study of the economic implications of applying the food system The study sample     .     .}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2948.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2948_2534b6337e8c2c5a889decc3f127e540.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL OIL PRICE CHANGES ONDOMESTIC FOOD PRICES IN EGYPT USING ANON-LINEAR AUTO-REGRESSIVE DISTRIBUTED LAG}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {262-278}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2950}, abstract = {This study applies a non-linear autoregressive distributed lagmodel to a quarterly time series dataset covering the period 1990-2014 toexamine the impact of international oil price changes on domestic food pricesin Egypt. The econometric results show that, in the short run, a 10% increasein international oil prices would lead to an increase of about 8% in the level ofEgypt’s domestic food prices. In contrast, the results point out to the absenceof a significant impact of international oil price decline on Egyptian domesticfood prices in the short run. With respect to long run estimates, the resultsindicate that positive and statistically significant relationship exist betweeninternational oil price changes (both increases and decreases) and the level ofdomestic food prices in Egypt. Specifically, a 10% increase in international oil prices would result in around 1.7% increase in food prices in Egypt; whereasa decline of 10% in oil prices in the international market would lead to adecline of about 2.4% in the level of domestic food prices in the country. In light of these results, the study concluded certain number of policyrecommendations that may help enhance the resilience of the Egyptian foodmarket to changes in international oil prices, mitigate the negative impacts offood price inflation on poor segments of the Egyptian population, and avoidadverse effects on social stability.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2950.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2950_bcb83a26cbe8c713d1aad7fe14332c00.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS ANALYSIS FORSOME AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN RICE}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {278-287}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2952}, abstract = {This study was carried out at the experimental farm of Rice Researchand Training Center (RRTC), Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt, to studycombining ability and heterosis in a diallel mating design among six ricegenotypes (excluding reciprocals), using six varieties namely Sakha 101,Sakha 103,Giza177,Giza176 and Giza159 and BL1. An experiment was conducted during 2014, 2015 growing seasons and designed in a randomizecomplete block with three replications. Data were recorded on eleven traits;heading date, chlorophyll content, flag leaf area, plant height, number oftillers/plant, panicle length, panicle weight, panicle fertility (%),1000-grainweight and grain yield /plant. The results revealed that, the genotypes werehighly significant different in all studied characters. The crosses Sakha 103 ×BL1 and Giza177 x BL1 showed positive and significant heterosis for mid andbetter parents for most studied traits. The parent Giza176 was good generalcombiner for most studied traits. The cross Sakha 101 × BL1 showed positiveand highly significant of specific combining ability effects for grain yield and its components.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2952.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2952_600340676884236149d41c80f083175e.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {EFFECT OF IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT AND SEEDLING AGE ON THE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF TWO RICE VARIETIES USING SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION (SRI).}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {288-299}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2953}, abstract = {A two -year field experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of Agricultural Research Station and lab. of seed technology Dept. Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt, during 2013 and 2014 seasons. A split split plot design with three replications was conducted to study the effect of irrigation system, seedling age and variety on rice yield and its components, grain quality and viability. The two irrigation treatments i.e. continues flooding and continues saturation were allocated to the main plots, three ages of seedlings i.e. 15, 20 and 25 days old were assigned to the sub-plots and two rice varieties i.e., Sakha105 as inbred and Egyptian hybrid1 rice were distributed in sub-sub plots. The obtained results could be summarized as follows: The grain yield, straw yield, hectolitre weight, protein content, hulling % and milling % responded positively to flooding treatment. Transplanting of younger seedlings provided more effective tillers m  -1, filled grains panicle-1,thousand grain weight, hectolitre weight, straw yield, germination, protein content and amylose content, hulling %, milling % and grain yield than those of the older one. Egyptian Hybrid 1 rice produced the highest values of number of productive tillers hill, number of primary branches/panicle, grain yield, straw yield, radical length, E.C and 1000-grain weight. The interactions among irrigation, age of seedling and rice variety had a significant effect on number of productive tillers/m2, number of primary branches/panicle, filled grains, panicle weight, straw yield, germination %, E.C and 1000-grain weight. The present study indicated that sowing of Egyptian Hybrid 1 rice variety with 15 days seedlings old under flooding treatment can improve yield and its components as well as grain quality of economic values.}, keywords = {rice,Irrigation treatments,Seedling age,cultivars,viability and quality}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2953.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2953_4c99a0a42e18ca1c009536ec0c59de79.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE MODIFICATION AND GROWTH SUBSTRATES ON PRODUCTIVITY AND FRUIT QUALITY OF STRAWBERRY PLANTS GROWN UNDER WAlk-IN TUNNELS}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {300-318}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2956}, abstract = {Two experiments were carried out under plastic walk-In tunnels during the two successive seasons of 2013/14 and 2014/15 on strawberry plants Carmelo cultivar at the Protected Agriculture Location, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelshiekh University. This work aimed to study the effect of the temperature modification, growth substrates(soil, perlite, peat, peat:perlite peat:vermic and peat:perlite:vermic) and their combined interactions on vegetative growth parameters, productivity, fruit quality and leaves chemical analysis. The results indicated that the plants grown under modified plastic tunnel had higher values of number of leaves, number of crowns, total green color (SPAD), leaf area, weight of early and total yields per plant and m2, average ruit weight, reducing and nonreducing sugars and acidity than those grown under traditional one. It was observed that the plants grown in peat substrate resulted in thehighest number of leaves, number of crowns, leaf area per plant, number andweight of early yield and P leaf content, but perlite substrate gave darkeness leaves. Besides, peat mixed with vermiculite substrate gave the highest number, weight and average fruit weight of total yield. plants grown in peat:vermic:perlite, peat:vermic and peat:perlite substrates gave the highest N leaf content compared to those grown in soil cultivation which had the highest K leaves content. The combined interaction between temperature modified tunnel and peat growth substrate treatments had highest records of number of leaves and leaf area/plant at 90 days, number of crown/plant at 60 days after transplanting, early yield/plant and average fruit weight of both early and total yields in both seasons, total yield/plant and m2 in in the second one, total and nonreducing sugars and acidity in both seasons. Plants grown in modified tunnel and perlite substarte had the highest values of P leaves content in both seasons compared to those grown under traditional one and perlite substrate which recorded the highest K values, plants grown in either peat:vermicn:perlite or peat:vermic substrates under traditional tunnel had darkness leaves in both seasons.}, keywords = {strawberry,temperature modification,growth substrates}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2956.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2956_a7ec5910e06647f472304b19969a95ea.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {GENETIC ANALYSIS AND PREDICTION OF NEW RECOMBINATION IN SOME COTTON (G. barbadense L.) CROSSES}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {319-335}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2958}, abstract = {Improving cotton breeding programme must depend on the amount ofgenetic variability between the parental genotypes, which is the main sourceof genotypic variation among the progeny. The present study was undertaken for the estimation of genetic variability, genetic components and heritability for some yield characters in F2, F3 and F4 generations derived from two cotton crosses. Estimated Prediction of new recombinant in F3 generation and selection was done on F2 to select the most promising plants and the most superior F3 families and plants within each selected family. The results showed some genetic variation among three studied generations, which reflect genetic variability between studied generations. Dominance genetic variance was more important than additive genetic variance in most studied characters. These results indicated that these characters are controlled by non-additive gene type. The analysis of variance for F3 generation showed significant differences between F3 families and it’s greater than within families in all the studied characters over the two cotton crosses, which show presence of high genetic variability in F3 generation. This reflects low values of intra-class variability. So, selection is more effective between families rather than within families. Correlation and regression results between generations showed that F2 was not good indicator of F3 progeny, while this trend changesfrom F3 to F4 generations. Prediction for new recombinant failing outside parental range through F3 generation was higher for all the studied characters. Realized selection differential was higher between and within selected F2 plants and F3 families. So, the grand mean values of these selected plants and families were higher than grand mean of F2 and F3 population. Selection between segregating generations coupled with high heritability is a good indicator for selecting promising plants in F2 generation and most superior families within F3 families and within each family.}, keywords = {Cotton (G. barbadense L.),Genetic Components,intra-class variability,segregating generation,new recombination,realized selection differential}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2958.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2958_9bed16f577b5f2f036fe611dc862d376.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {PERFORMANCE OF SOME GENOTYPES OF COTTON UNDER CONVENTIONAL AND LATE PLANTING DATES}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {336-352}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2959}, abstract = {Planting date is one of the most important management factors involved in producing high-yielding and high quality cotton. However, cotton growers often lost the optimal planting date waiting for the harvest of preceding fullseason winter crops. So, cotton breeders look forward in selecting some adapted genotypes for sowing at late planting date to enable cotton growers to make better land use by planting a winter crop or take frequent cuts of Egyptian clover before cotton planting. There for, the present investigation aimed to study the behavior of genotypes, general and specific combining ability under late planting date and select the suitable parents and combinations for late planting date. In 2014 growing season seven parents were crossed in a half diallel mating design at Sakha. In 2015 growing season the seven parents and their 21 crosses were evaluated in two planting dates: the first date was in the last week of April (conventional planting date) and the second planting date was in the last week of May (late planting date). The results showed that the parents (Suven, CB58 and Giza 93) were good combiner under late planting dates. and the best crosses were Kar.2 x G.94, Suven x { [ G.84 x ( G.70 x G.51 B ) ] x S62 }, Suven x G.93 and CB58 X G.93 for seed cotton yield under late planting date. The parent G.93 and crosses Suven x G.93, C.B58 x G.93 and { [ G.84 x ( G.70 x G.51 B ) ] TJx S62 } xG.93 exhibited the best values for fiber traits. Cotton breeders can use these hybrids to improve breeding programs in order to select the most promising genotypes for late-planting date. These crosses could be exploited in breeding program aiming to improve late-planting tolerance. It will produce valuable economic value for farmer and nation.}, keywords = {Cotton,yield and fiber traits,late planting date,General and specific combining ability}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2959.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2959_123e58d9f123ca0e50661382b492cc07.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {RESPONSE OF SOME ROOT AND YIELD TRAITS TO WATER STRESS FOR SOME RICE VARIETIES}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {353-364}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2961}, abstract = {Two field experiments were conducted at sakha research station- kafr Elsheikh- Egypt, during 2014 and 2015 to study the effect of water stress on the root and yield characters of five rice varieties under different irrigation intervals the varieties, were Giza 178, Giza179, GZ 8710-3-2-1-1, GZ 1368-5- S-4 and GZ 5121-5-2 in strip – plot design with three replications, the data were recorded on root length, root thickness, volume and root: shoot ratio, number of panicle/ hill, 1000- grain weight and grain yield ( t/ fed).The data indicated that the varieties GZ 5121-5-2 and GZ 1368-5-S-4 showed the highly reduction in most of root characters as well as grain yield. In addition, the results of this study show that the interaction between irrigation treatments and varieties was significant for root length, root volume (ml), number of roots, root thickness (mm), root: shoot ratio, number of panicles/hill, 1000- grains weight (g), and grain yield (t/fed), in both seasons. The desirable root characters combined with grain yield were obtained from the varieties GZ 8710 and Giza179, implying that these varieties are considered as a donor to water stress tolerant in rice breeding program.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2961.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2961_9ad5fb070f4aa2990e12ceeb7afcd168.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {RESPONSE OF SOME RICE CULTIVARS TO NITROGEN SOURCE AND TIME OF APPLICATION UNDER SALINE SOIL CONDITIONS}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {365-378}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2962}, abstract = {Two filed experiments were conducted during 2013 and 2014 seasons at the Research Farm of El-Sirw gricultural Research Station Damietta Governorate, Egypt. The experiments were performed to study the response of three rice genotypes namely, Giza178, Giza179, and Egyptian hybrid one (EHR1) to three nitrogen sources viz ammonium sulfate, urea and calcium nitrate and timing of application,[(T1) three equal doses at basal(B),at panicle initiation stage(PI) and at booting stage(BT), (T2) three equal doses at early tillering stage(T), at mid tillering stage(MT) and at BT,(T3) three doses 1/2 at ( T), 1/4 at (PI) and 1/4 at( BT) and (T4)four equal doses 1/4 at T, 1/4 at MT,1/4 at PI and 1/4 at BT under saline soil conditions]. The experimental soil was clay with salinity levels of 7.5 and 7.3 dSm-1in 2013 and 2014 seasons, respectively. The experiment was performed in split split plot design with four replications. The cultivars were distributed in the main plots, while, the sub plots were allocated to the nitrogen sources. However, the sub sub plots were devoted to times of nitrogen application treatments. The main obtained results could be summarized as follows; the studied rice cultivars showed a significant and marked variation regarding cultivars growth, yield attributes and rice grain yield. Egyptian hybrid rice (EHR1) apparently surpassed the other tested pure line cultivars in growth, yield and yield components in both seasons. The nitrogen source had pronounced effect on rice growth, yield attributes and grain yield in both seasons. The nitrogen in the form of ammonium sulfate showed higher grain yield than the other two nitrogen sources. The time of nitrogen application showed significant growth, yield attributes and grain yield in both seasons. Nitrogen applications into three or four doses (T2, T3 and T4) without basal application (T1) were favorable under saline soil conditions. The interaction effect confirmed the superiority of EHR1, ammonium sulfate and nitrogen application including dose at late growth stage to fetch high reasonable rice grain yield under the same experimental conditions.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2962.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2962_ce84b78fdb8a1c7b5cf57886802f1836.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {STUDIES ON HYBRID RICE SEED PRODUCTION OF EGYPTIAN CYTOPLASMIC GENETIC MALE STERILE LINE SAKHA 1A / B MULTIPLICATION}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {379-399}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2966}, abstract = {Two field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Farm of Sakha Agriculture Research Station, Egypt during the two successive seasons of 2014 and 2015 to study the effect of four wind directions, northsouth (W1 ), west-east (W 2), north west-south east (W3) and north east-south west (W4 ), five date of sowing intervals including 0, 3, 5, 7 and 9 days intervals between A and their B lines to get proper synchronization of flowering between the parental lines in the seed production plot and supplementary pollination during flowering period on important yield characters of hybrid rice seed production of cytoplasmic male sterile line (Sakha 1A) and their maintainer Sakha 1B) which used to produce hybrid rice seeds for EHR1,EHR2,EHR3 and other hybrids. Asplit split plot design with four replications was used. The main plot were devoted to the four natural wind direction, north-south (W1), west-east (W2), north west-south east (W3) and north east-south west (W4 ), while the dates of sowing intervals was arranged at random in the sub plots and the supplementary pollination.The highest F1 seed yield (2648.2 kg ha-1 and 2611.9 kg ha-1) ofCMS hybrid seed were obtained with an application of wind direction northsouth (W1) and north east-south west (W4), respectively.The first date, 1o May for Sakha1A and 12, 15 May for their B with seed intervals of 3 and 5 days (D1) gave the maximum grain yield (2662 kgha-1) followed by the third date (2503.9 kg ha-1), 10 May for Sakha 1A and 15,17 and 19 May for their Sakha 1B with seed intervals of 5, 7, and 9 days (D3).Application of supplementary pollination (S2) significantly increasedgrain yield (3034.6 kg ha-1) while, the lowest one was obtained withoutsupplementary pollination. The all possible interaction between the three factors, wind direction, date of sowing and supplementary pollination affected significantly on grain yield and the other traits which studied in both seasons.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2966.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2966_62b865a4f5c9b05aa6077b35d351681f.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {EFFECT OF PLANTING DATES AND PERIODS OF CURING ON QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS AND STORAGE ABILITY OF TWO GARLIC CULTIVARS}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences}, volume = {42}, number = {3}, pages = {401-414}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT)}, issn = {2536-9571}, eissn = {2536-958X}, doi = {10.21608/jsas.2016.2980}, abstract = {Two field experiments were carried out during the winter seasons of 2013/2014 ,2014/2015 at the Agricultural Experimental Station Farm (at Abies), Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria university, to investigate the effect of planting dates (10th of September, 1stof October and 20th of October) on vegetative growth characters, yield and its components ,quality characteristics and storability of two garlic cultivars (Balady and Sids-40). Early planting dates (10 th of September and 1st of October),gave the highest plant height, number of leaves and plant weight. Also, recorded higher mean values of bulb yield and its components ,i.e., bulb weight, cloves weight (endow, External ) , number of cloves per bulb,bulb diameter, neck diameter and bulbing ratio) of the two tested garlic cultivars than the late planting date (20th of October), in both seasons.Results indicated significant differences between the two tested cultivars, where , Balady cultivar had higher plant height , more number of cloves head-1 , thicker neck diameter and higher bulbing ratio than Sids-40 ,which recorded higher mean values for number of leaves and plant weight as well as head bulb weight, and bulb diameter. Based on the obtained results, early planting date on 10th of September is recommended for achieving better vegetative growth and higher bulb yield and its components of the garlic plants , particularly, Sids-40 under the environmental conditions prevailing in Alexandria Governorate. Minimum weight loss was recorded with curing for 21 days . Sids-40 was superior in this respect}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2980.html}, eprint = {https://jsas.journals.ekb.eg/article_2980_a35dc0f5fe36e2e9f79063dcfa9a86fd.pdf} }